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Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field

Received: 22 June 2022     Accepted: 19 July 2022     Published: 5 August 2022
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Abstract

Nematodes are one of the most economically important pests affecting banana production worldwide. Studies on how nematodes affect banana production involve isolating the nematodes from the banana fields for further analysis laboratory. Different protocols have been developed however, the protocols have not been fine-tuned to save on time and increase efficiency. The time required for isolation therefore needs to be optimized so that the optimal number of nematodes is isolated. This study reports optimization of nematodes isolation time from soil samples in a tissue culture banana plantation at 5 and 9 months. The nematodes harvesting experiments were set at different times (12, 20, 24, 30, 35 and 48 hours). It also reports the influence of harvesting time at 5 and 9 months when bananas were growing in the field. The study recorded the highest number of nematodes at 48 hours which was significantly different from all the other hours evaluated. It also found that harvesting time trends at 5 and 9 months did not have significant differences. The results imply that laboratories isolating nematodes from soils where tissue culture bananas are planted can use 48 hours as optimal time for extraction of nematodes.

Published in International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11
Page(s) 115-117
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nematodes, Tissue Culture Bananas, Optimum Nematodes Isolation Time

References
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[2] G. E. Martínez-Solórzano and J. C. Rey-Brina, “Bananas (Musa AAA): Importance, production and trade in COVID-19 times,” Agronomía Mesoamericana, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 1034–1046, 2021.
[3] M. Ngomuo, E. Mneney, and P. A. Ndakidemi, “The in vitro propagation techniques for producing banana using shoot tip cultures,” American Journal of Plant Sciences, vol. 2014, 2014.
[4] E. M. Kikulwe, “Banana tissue culture: community nurseries for African farmers,” RTB Working Paper, 2016.
[5] S. Cesarz, A. E. Schulz, R. Beugnon, and N. Eisenhauer, “Testing soil nematode extraction efficiency using different variations of the Baermann-funnel method,” Soil organisms, vol. 91, no. 2, p. 61, 2019.
[6] E. M. Ahmed, N. M. Omer, and T. A. Almaleeh, “Field Survey and Identification of Nematodes Associated with Citrus Trees in Dalanj Area, Sudan,” Asian Journal of Research and Review in Agriculture, pp. 12–19, 2022.
[7] M. Ann, N. Ruffina, C. O. Maureen, A. E. Esther, and F. Chisom, “Extraction and Identification of Plant Parasitic Nematode from Some Vegetable Crops Cultivated by Local Farmers in Abakaliki, Nigeria,” Extraction, vol. 1, no. 1, 2016.
[8] R. S. Pitcher, “Factors influencing the movement of nematodes in soil,” in Nematode vectors of plant viruses, Springer, 1975, pp. 389–407.
[9] W. Schroeder and J. Beavers, “Movement of the entomogenous nematodes of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae in soil,” Journal of Nematology, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 257, 1987.
[10] H. Wallace, “The dynamics of nematode movement,” Annual Review of Phytopathology, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 91–114, 1968.
[11] A. M. Koppenhöfer, “Nematodes,” in Field manual of techniques in invertebrate pathology, Springer, 2000, pp. 283–301.
[12] I. Sochová, J. Hofman, and I. Holoubek, “Using nematodes in soil ecotoxicology,” Environment International, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 374–383, 2006.
[13] J. A. Grant and M. G. Villani, “Soil moisture effects on entomopathogenic nematodes,” Environmental entomology, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 80–87, 2003.
[14] A. M. Koppenhöfer and E. M. Fuzy, “Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, S. glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and H. bacteriophora,” Applied Soil Ecology, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 128–139, 2007.
[15] J. Hallmann and S. A. Subbotin, “Methods for extraction, processing and detection of plant and soil nematodes,” Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, 3rd ed.; Sikora, RA, Coyne, D., Hallmann, J., Timper, P., Eds, pp. 87–119, 2018.
[16] R. Rodriguez-Kabana and M. Pope, “A simple incubation method for the extraction of nematodes from soil,” Nematropica, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 175–185, 1981.
[17] A. E. Schulz, N. Eisenhauer, and S. Cesarz, “Testing soil nematode extraction efficiency using different variations of the Baermann funnel method,” BioRxiv, p. 318691, 2018.
[18] M. Marais, A. Swart, H. Fourie, S. D. Berry, R. Knoetze, and A. P. Malan, “Techniques and procedures,” in Nematology in South Africa: a view from the 21st century, Springer, 2017, pp. 73–117.
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  • APA Style

    Dancun King’ang’i Muchira, Elias Mwangi, Richard Odour. (2022). Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 7(3), 115-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11

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    ACS Style

    Dancun King’ang’i Muchira; Elias Mwangi; Richard Odour. Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2022, 7(3), 115-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11

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    AMA Style

    Dancun King’ang’i Muchira, Elias Mwangi, Richard Odour. Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;7(3):115-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11,
      author = {Dancun King’ang’i Muchira and Elias Mwangi and Richard Odour},
      title = {Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field},
      journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {115-117},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20220703.11},
      abstract = {Nematodes are one of the most economically important pests affecting banana production worldwide. Studies on how nematodes affect banana production involve isolating the nematodes from the banana fields for further analysis laboratory. Different protocols have been developed however, the protocols have not been fine-tuned to save on time and increase efficiency. The time required for isolation therefore needs to be optimized so that the optimal number of nematodes is isolated. This study reports optimization of nematodes isolation time from soil samples in a tissue culture banana plantation at 5 and 9 months. The nematodes harvesting experiments were set at different times (12, 20, 24, 30, 35 and 48 hours). It also reports the influence of harvesting time at 5 and 9 months when bananas were growing in the field. The study recorded the highest number of nematodes at 48 hours which was significantly different from all the other hours evaluated. It also found that harvesting time trends at 5 and 9 months did not have significant differences. The results imply that laboratories isolating nematodes from soils where tissue culture bananas are planted can use 48 hours as optimal time for extraction of nematodes.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Optimized Nematodes Isolation Protocol for Soils from Tissue Culture Banana Field
    AU  - Dancun King’ang’i Muchira
    AU  - Elias Mwangi
    AU  - Richard Odour
    Y1  - 2022/08/05
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11
    T2  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    JF  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    JO  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    SP  - 115
    EP  - 117
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9686
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220703.11
    AB  - Nematodes are one of the most economically important pests affecting banana production worldwide. Studies on how nematodes affect banana production involve isolating the nematodes from the banana fields for further analysis laboratory. Different protocols have been developed however, the protocols have not been fine-tuned to save on time and increase efficiency. The time required for isolation therefore needs to be optimized so that the optimal number of nematodes is isolated. This study reports optimization of nematodes isolation time from soil samples in a tissue culture banana plantation at 5 and 9 months. The nematodes harvesting experiments were set at different times (12, 20, 24, 30, 35 and 48 hours). It also reports the influence of harvesting time at 5 and 9 months when bananas were growing in the field. The study recorded the highest number of nematodes at 48 hours which was significantly different from all the other hours evaluated. It also found that harvesting time trends at 5 and 9 months did not have significant differences. The results imply that laboratories isolating nematodes from soils where tissue culture bananas are planted can use 48 hours as optimal time for extraction of nematodes.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Genetic Resources Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, Kenya

  • Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

  • Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

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